Russian and Japanese scientists have done very serious work, which resulted in the publication of the book "Bronislaw Pilsudski. Japanese Notes" (comp. by K. Savada, V. M. Latyshev, M. M. Prokofiev, G. I. Dudarets. Ed. by T. P. Roon. Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, State Budget Cultural Institution "Sakhalin Regional Museum of Local Lore", 2012, 124 p., fig.).

The famous ethnographer of the Far East, Bronislaw Pilsudski* (1866-1918), needs no special introduction. For his involvement in the attempt on the life of Emperor Alexander III, Pilsudski was arrested and sentenced to death. But the sentence was commuted to fifteen years of hard labor on Sakhalin. After the end of his hard labor period, Pilsudski stayed on the island and devoted himself to studying the culture of the indigenous peoples of the region - the Ainu, Nivkh and Uilta. In modern science, Pilsudski's name is associated primarily with ethnographic works. However, there are other aspects of the scientist's legacy that are little known to the general public. One of these parts of his legacy is devoted to the work with the general title "Japanese Notes". The compilers of this small but informative book for the first time placed under one cover various and previously unpublished journalistic articles by Pilsudski. After Pilsudski moved from Sakhalin to Vladivostok (which happened in 1899), the scientist actively collaborated with various periodicals: first with the newspaper Vostochny Vestnik (founded in 1898).Later, the magazine "Nature and People of the Far East" created by the poet and writer Nikolai Matveev (1865-1941) (published in 1906) and, finally, the most famous newspaper in pre-revolutionary Russia, "Russkie Vedomosti "(founded in 1863). It is the materials of the last two editions that make up the corpus "Japanese Notes" by Pilsudski. And this is one of the most voluminous parts of his journalistic activity, which was very active from 1906 to 1909.

It is likely that over time, the boundaries of an ethnographer's journalistic work may be significantly expanded. So, in vstu-

* Brother of Jozef Pilsudski (1867-1935) - founder of the Polish army and head of the revived Wormwood; brother of Ldam Pilsudski (1869-1935) - Vice-president of the city of Wilno, Senator of Poland.

the final article to the book mentions the help that Pilsudski provided in the issue of the weekly "Japan and Russia", addressed to Russian prisoners of war, as well as cooperation with the newspaper "Volya", published in Nagasaki. In addition, Pilsudski interacted not only with newspapers and magazines published in Russian, but also with foreign publications (in particular, the scientist's articles in Japanese periodicals are known, for example, in the magazine "Sekai").

The search, systematization, placement and commentary of Pilsudski's articles, the restoration of the authorship of a number of materials unsigned by the name of the scientist, which are more than a century old - this is such a thorough study, which requires a lot of physical and mental effort, is certainly admirable. Potential readers of this book by Pilsudski live not only in Russia or Poland (Pilsudski's paternal cradle), but also in Japan (the birthplace of the scientist's descendants), and more broadly-all over the world, including in France, China, and Mongolia (sketches about these countries are also presented in "Japanese Notes", for example, in such fragments as" France and Japan"," Fermentation in China"," Secret Societies in China "or"The Awakening of Mongolia"). Thus, the thematic field of "Japanese Notes", which were created by scientists in Japan and were most often devoted to Japan itself, is quite wide. Pilsudski draws not only a contemporary country bordering Russia, but also highlights the nature of political and cultural relations between Japan and other states (in particular, with France). Some of Pilsudski's articles are supplemented with very interesting photos from the point of view of history (for example, the image of Crown Prince Hirohito as a child or a household photo of passengers sitting without shoes, with their legs tucked under them in a Japanese railway car). At the same time, the illustrative series of the book "Japanese Notes" is decorated not only with photographs from the time of Pilsudski, but also with restored fragments of prints of the ethnographer's newspaper and magazine publications, the logo of Russkiye Vedomosti, etc. The topics raised by Pilsudski in his articles are diverse: this includes politics, history, culture, education, and individual episodes in the private lives of different people. Piłsudski's collected articles create for readers the image of not only an attentive scientist who focuses on certain scientific areas of knowledge of the world, but also a bright, extraordinary person who is passionate about the Far East and Japan, a publicist whose attention is drawn to global events and private stories that attract with their exceptional realism.

In the book" Japanese Notes", almost all of Pilsudski's articles are provided with concise comments, which are extremely necessary for readers of the XXI century. Some of these comments are very detailed. For example, Pilsudski's article "South Sakhalin (under Japanese rule)" mentions the name of Japanese diplomat Yoshuke Suzuki. In the commentary, the compilers give the years of the diplomat's life, specify the place of his service on Sakhalin, describe the fact of acquaintance with A. P. Chekhov, etc. Other comments in the book are more concise. The work on commenting is done at a sufficient level of information for readers (although other words that require clarification, such as foreign-language inclusions characteristic of Pilsudski's journalistic style, might also come to the attention of the compilers).

With a positive assessment of the reviewed book, we will briefly note what can improve the perception of Pilsudski's "Japanese Notes" by modern readers. At the same time, the comments relate specifically to the external design and principles of compiling the book, and not to its content. The title of the book is somewhat controversial: the genre of notes significantly simplifies what was created by Pilsudski (rather, they are travel notes, in some cases detailed scientific articles). In addition, writing Japanese surnames and first names when commenting differs both by using the already notorious and unacceptable Japanese words "chi" and "shi" when transliterating, and by violating the sequence of writing the first and last names (in each new comment, this is given differently: in some cases, the last name comes first, in others-the first name this may be misleading to readers who are not familiar with the subtleties of Japanese surname and first name order.)

Pilsudski's journalism is one of the "keys" to the history, culture and ethnography of the Far East at the beginning of the XX century. The newly published newspaper and magazine publications of the famous scientist, published a hundred years later, are modern and relevant in their own way. Thoughtful readers with a deep acquaintance with the book are able to understand and accept the image of Japan (in the broadest sense-the entire Far East), which was formed by Pilsudski in his journalistic works designed for the widest possible audience. At the same time, the book by Polak Pilsudski, compiled by Russian and Japanese scientists, is one of the examples of how joint work takes place, how mutual understanding is achieved between different peoples in our time. Pilsudski's oriental correspondence published in the twenty-first century combines two periods: the past (contemporary to the ethnographer and publicist) and the present (contemporary to the compilers of the book "Japanese Notes").

E. A. IKONNIKOVA, Doctor of Philology, Sakhalin State University (Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk)

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