On February 25, 2007, the National Museum of Ethnology of Japan (Osaka) organized an international symposium "Socialist Modernization in Mongolia: a Re-evaluation of A. D. Simukov and his works", dedicated to the memory and scientific activities of a little-known but talented Russian Mongolian scholar who made a great contribution to the study of Mongolia in the 1920s-1930s and fell victim to political repression In the late 1930s and early 1940s, the Symposium had several significant differences from the traditional meetings of scientists from different countries.

One of the special features was that in addition to a limited number of invited scientists from Russia, Mongolia, the USA, Germany and Japan, ak participated in its organization and holding.-

The article was prepared with the financial support of the Russian State Scientific Foundation (project No. 06-01-9181a / G).

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relatives of A.D. Simukov, including the daughter of N. A. Simukov (currently living in the United States with her husband), granddaughter, a well-known political figure, member of the Great State Hural of Mongolia, chairman of the Civil Will party S. Oyun, and grandson S. Bayaraa, who is the director of the Zorig Foundation (Mongolia), established in memory of S. Zorig, another grandson, one of the initiators and leaders of the democratic movement in Mongolia in the late 1980s and early 1990s, a member of the Parliament of new Mongolia, brutally murdered in 1998.1

The history of the Russian and Mongolian branches of the Simukov family is an amazing phenomenon of intertwining the destinies of the peoples of Russia and Mongolia in the XX century and deserves special study.

The main and long-awaited event at the symposium was the presentation of the first two of the three planned volumes of the collection of scientific works by A. D. Simukov, painstakingly collected and prepared for publication primarily thanks to the energy and perseverance of N. A. Simukova, S. Bayaraa, with the assistance of other relatives and many scientists from Russia, Mongolia, Japan and the USA, and published by the National Museum of Ethnology Japan on the initiative and direct participation of Yuki Konagai (see: Simukov A.D. Proceedings on Mongolia and for Mongolia, vol. 1. 978 p.; Vol. 2. 636 p. / Comp. Yuki Konagaya, S. Bayaraa, and I. Lhagwasuren. Osaka: State Museum of Ethnology of Japan, 2007).

Taking into account that the name and scientific works of A. D. Simukov, including those published in Russian and Mongolian journals published in Ulaanbaatar in the 1920s and 1930s, have long become a bibliographic rarity, and most of his works prepared by him for publication, until recently remained in the Russian and Mongolian languages. If they are unpublished, you should provide at least a brief biographical note about them.

Andrey Dmitrievich Simukov (1902-1942) was born on April 26 (16), 1902 in St. Petersburg in the family of an employee of the Ministry of Finance. In his family and in a classical gymnasium, he received a good education, spoke several foreign languages, including German, French, and Latin. Since childhood, he was fond of geography, natural sciences, the travels of N. M. Przhevalsky, P. K. Kozlov and other scientists and travelers in Central Asia, and purposefully prepared himself for scientific activities in this field. However, in the difficult conditions of the early 1920s, after graduating from high school, he was forced to temporarily put aside his dreams of a career as a traveler and geographer and enroll in the Moscow Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Institute, where he studied for two years. In 1923, a sharp turn took place in his life, he managed to pass a strict selection and get into the Mongol-Tibetan expedition led by the outstanding Russian traveler P. K. Kozlov. The work of the expedition (1923-1926), which discovered and excavated the famous Noin-Ul mounds of the Xiongnu period, became a real university for the young man, he quickly mastered the basics of field research in various fields of science, fell in love with Mongolia and the Mongols, and learned the Mongolian language.

After the completion of P. K. Kozlov's expedition to Mongolia in 1926, Andrey Dmitrievich, together with another member of the expedition, S. A. Kondratiev, was invited to work in the newly created Scientific Committee of the MPR for a period of several years, but circumstances developed in such a way that he actually worked in it without interruption for 12 years (since 1927 until 1939) as an adviser to the Academic Committee, head of the geographical department of the Academic Committee, head of the museum and meteorological bureau. Over the years, he has led and participated in 15 scientific expeditions and route trips covering almost the entire territory of Mongolia. Despite his youth and incomplete higher technical education, he also had extensive knowledge in geography, geology, archeology, paleontology, zoology, botany, history, ethnography, economics, philology, meteorology, topography, cartography, hunting, photography and other sciences, which he successfully applied in practice.

Most of his research was devoted to the study of physical and economic geography, the economy and population of the country, its individual regions, natural resources, vegetation cover, pastures, nomadic animal husbandry, nomads and khotons (primary production associations) of Arats, local agriculture, etc.

1 The crime has not been solved so far. S. Zorig was the younger brother of S. Bayaraa and the older brother of S. Oyun, all of them are the children of Dorjpalam, the daughter of A. D. Simukov from a civil marriage with a Mongolian woman, and, accordingly, the grandchildren of A. D. Simukov. According to N. A. Simukova, during his lifetime S. Zorig was very helpful in identifying and copying A. D. Simukov's published and unpublished works stored in the Academy of Sciences and the National Archive of Mongolia.

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systematic comprehensive physical and geographical study of Mongolia, mapped several mountain ranges, identified the main natural zones of Mongolia, identified the main zonal complexes of flora and fauna, compiled a number of maps, including a general map of the MNR, maps of Buddhist monasteries, vegetation and large mammals throughout the country, and proposed the first physical and geographical zoning of the country. In addition, he took an active part in the development and implementation of the new administrative division of the country in 1931, in choosing the location for the administrative center of the South Gobi aimag - the city of Dalandzadgada.

He was fluent in the oral Mongolian language, communicated directly with the local population, Arats, read and wrote in Old Mongolian, gave lectures on geography and history in Mongolian, made translations from Russian into Mongolian and from Mongolian into Russian, and led Mongolian language circles for Soviet Specialists. In 1936, the Government of the Mongolian People's Republic awarded A. D. Simukov the Order of the Polar Star for his great contribution to the formation and development of young science in Mongolia.

During the mass political repressions in the USSR and the MNR in September 1939, A. D. Simukov was arrested in Ulaanbaatar by the NKVD of the Soviet Union on false charges of spying for foreign countries, but pleaded not guilty. In January 1941, without trial, in absentia, he was sentenced by a Special Meeting of the NKVD to 8 years in prison camps "for participating in an anti-Soviet organization", in February of the same year he was transferred to the Pechora camp located in the Komi ASSR, where, according to official data, he died on April 15, 1942 from "heart palsy".

In December 1956, A. D. Simukov was fully rehabilitated "for lack of evidence of a crime."

2007 marks several significant dates: 105 years since his birth, 65 years since his death, and 51 years since the rehabilitation of A. D. Simukov. The holding of an international symposium and the publication of the first volumes of the collection of his scientific works in Japan serve as a clear evidence of the international recognition of A. D. Simukov's outstanding services to Russian and world Mongolian studies.

Part of A. D. Simukov's creative heritage was published during his lifetime in the 1920s and 1930s, including Geographical Atlas of the Mongolian People's Republic, General Map of the Mongolian People's Republic, as well as more than 30 articles in the journals Economy of Mongolia, Modern Mongolia, and Shine Tol (New Mirror).) and "Ardyn Undesny Soelyn Zam "("The Way of National Folk Culture"), published in Ulaanbaatar in Russian and Mongolian. However, the main works of A. D. Simukov, prepared by him for publication, remained unpublished and for several decades were kept in the manuscript collection of the Institute of Geography and Permafrost Studies of the Academy of Sciences and the National Archive of Mongolia. They were used by Mongolian scientists and some foreign Mongolian scholars. So, in 1968, the author of this review was given the opportunity to get acquainted in detail with the unpublished works of A.D. Simukov.

At the opening of the symposium, Makio Matsuzono, Director of the National Museum of Ethnology, made a welcoming speech, noting the place and role of the museum, which recently celebrated the 30th anniversary of its establishment as a major center for humanitarian and cultural-anthropological research, one of the centers of Mongolian studies in Japan. Employees of the museum not only preserve and study cultural values of different peoples and civilizations, including nomadic civilization, on the example of Mongolia, but also take an active part in their creation. The Director of the museum emphasized the unique character and incomparable value of publishing the collection of scientific works of the Russian Mongol scholar A. D. Simukov.

The organizer of the symposium and the initiator of publishing the works of A. D. Simukov in Japan, Yuki Konagaya, spoke about the history of the preparation and publication of the two-volume book, about the great scientific significance of the scientist's works for Mongolian scholars of all countries and generations, and expressed confidence that over time streets, schools and scientific institutions will be named after the Mongolian scientist A. D. Simukov.

A.D. Simukov's granddaughter, S. Oyun, made a welcoming speech on behalf of the President of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Academician B. Chadraa, and on her own behalf. In the greeting of the President of the Academy of Sciences of Mongolia, in particular, it was noted that A. D. Simukov made an invaluable contribution to the development of geographical and natural sciences in Mongolia, and that subsequent generations of Mongols should keep a long memory of him as a pioneer of Mongolian geographical science and as one of the first figures of Mongolian science in general. thanks to the organizers of the symposium, as well as to the compilers and publishers of the collected works of A. D. Simukov.

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A.D. Simukov's daughter N. A. Simukova made an interesting and informative report "Andrey Dmitrievich Simukov: Life and works", in which she summarized the results of her many years of tireless and painstaking work to identify and collect all available materials and separate, disparate facts about the life and scientific activities of her father and his family. a scientist who was not only unjustly repressed, but also his scientific works were forgotten for several decades.

The speaker emphasized that thanks to the democratization processes that took place in Russia and Mongolia in the late 1980s and early 1990s, in particular, thanks to the activities of S. Zorig, grandson of A. D. Simukov, there were real opportunities to resurrect the names of many victims of the terror, among whom was A. D. Simukov. In 1990, the leadership of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Mongolia and the Institute of Geography and Permafrost Studies of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Mongolia invited her to Mongolia to study her father's archive and gave her permission to copy his works. A special commission for publishing the scientific heritage of A. D. Simukov was established in Mongolia in cooperation with the Russian Academy of Sciences. However, the socio-economic crisis that broke out in both countries in the early 1990s prevented this idea from being implemented in Russia.

In April 1992, the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Embassy of Mongolia in Russia, and the Asian Trade House held a special meeting dedicated to the 90th anniversary of A. D. Simukov at the Information and Cultural Center of the Embassy of Mongolia in Moscow, chaired by Academician A. L. Yanshin, Chairman of the Russian part of the Commission for Cooperation between the Russian Academy of Sciences and the It was attended by famous Russian and Mongolian scientists, including academicians B. Shirendib, B. Luvsanvandan, R. Barsbold and others. On the recommendation of the participants of this meeting, the program of the upcoming VI International Congress of Mongolian Studies (August 1992) included a report on the work of A. D. Simukov on the study of Mongolia, and one of the breakout sessions of the congress was dedicated to the 90th anniversary of the scientist's birth.

N. A. Simukova expressed her sincere gratitude and gratitude to all institutions, relatives and scientists from Russia, Mongolia, Japan and the United States, who in different years at different stages contributed to the implementation of this unique international project to restore the good name of her father and the scientist, and to publish his scientific works.

S. Bayaraa, grandson of A. D. Simukov, Director of the Zorig Foundation, gave a brief overview of all collected published and mostly unpublished works of A. D. Simukov. According to S. Bayaraa, A. D. Simukov is rightfully among those brilliant people who laid the foundation of modern Mongolian studies and stood at the origins of science in Mongolia after the revolution of 1921, in particular geography and ethnography. The speaker stressed that the main works of A. D. Simukov were not previously published and until recently were not available to a wide range of scientists in Mongolia and other countries.

S. Bayaraa said that the compilers managed to identify and collect scientific works of A. D. Simukov with a total volume of more than 2 thousand rubles. typewritten pages, which are expected to be published in three volumes, two of which have already been published at the beginning of this year. At the same time, S. Bayaraa noted that some of the works of A. D. Simukov mentioned in his articles and reports, including "Geographical Sketch of the Gobi margin of the MNR", "Geography of the Central Hangai", etc., have not yet been discovered.

The first volume of the collection (978 pages) includes mainly geographical works of the scientist, among which the fundamental work "Geographical Sketch of the MPR" (25 a. l.) occupies a central place. The essay is a comprehensive study of the nature, population, and economy of Mongolia in the 1930s. The volume also contains two lists of A. D. Simukov's works: 1) a list of works submitted by him to the Scientific Committee of the MPR in 1936, which contains the names of 50 handwritten and cartographic works with a total volume of almost 2 thousand pages. c; 2) a list of works, copies of which have been sent to the Plenipotentiary Mission of the USSR in Mongolia. In addition, the first volume also includes articles by contemporary scientists about A. D. Simukov and his contribution to various branches of science about Mongolia, including Mongolian ones-President of the Academy of Sciences of Mongolia, Academician B. Chadraa, P. Tsolmon, Z. Batzhargal, D. Bazargur, B. Batbuyan, N. Ulziykhutag, A. Bold, I. Lhagvasuren and others. Russian scientists-N. A. Simukova, V. P. Chichagov (Institute of Geography of the Russian Academy of Sciences), N. L. Zhukovskaya (Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology of the Russian Academy of Sciences) and V. V. Graivoronsky (Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences).

The second volume (635 pages) includes works on the pastures of Mongolia as a whole and its individual regions, on nomadic animal husbandry, nomads, khotons, essays on individual aimags, economy, culture and everyday life of the Mongols.

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The third volume, according to the speaker, will consist of several parts. The first of them will include A. D. Simukov's diaries and travel notes, programs and reports on the work of field expeditions in 1927-1938, and subsequent parts will include works related to the agricultural, economic and territorial zoning of the country, the choice of a place for the new administrative center of the South Gobi Aimag, and a description of the life of the population of the border suburbs of the use of natural resources (forests, waterways, mineral springs, etc.).

Previously unpublished works are published uncut, in full, with minimal editorial changes. The collection also includes many photos taken by A. D. Simukov himself during field work, as well as family photos.

S. Bayaraa stressed that the published collection of scientific works by A. D. Simukov is the culmination of 15 years of hard work on identifying and collecting materials, carried out by N. A. Simukova and himself with the assistance of other individuals and organizations. He noted the merits of Yuki Konagaya, who appreciated the scientific significance of A. D. Simukov's works, showed initiative and organizational skills in publishing the complete collection of the scientist's works.

V. V. Graivoronsky (Russia) in the report "On the contribution of A. A. A. D. Simukov in the study of nomadic animal husbandry and agriculture in Mongolia " noted that in the history of Russian Mongolian studies of the first half of the XX century, A. D. Simukov has a special place. As a young man at the age of 21, without any special academic training in Mongolian studies, he was able to quickly assimilate and apply new knowledge thanks to his communication with P. K. Kozlov and other scientists and experienced travelers, thanks to his passion for travel, geography and natural sciences, curiosity, determination, hard work, physical training, endurance, and the ability to quickly assimilate and apply new knowledge in practice. By the end of the 1920s-early 1930s, he had become one of the most competent experts on the nature and economy of Mongolia, the traditions and customs of the Mongolian people, and a kind of "living encyclopedia". His knowledge and experience were in demand by many Soviet specialists and scientists who worked in the MPR in those years. During his 16 years of work in Mongolia during his numerous scientific expeditions, A. A. D. Simukov collected a huge amount of factual, field material, which formed the basis of his published works and most of which he planned to use in writing a number of new, generalizing works on physical and economic geography, ethnography, nomadic animal husbandry and the way of life of pastoralists. It marked the beginning of a systematic study of nomadic animal husbandry in Mongolia in the context of geographical, natural, climatic and socio-economic conditions, the study of the main feed base of animal husbandry - natural pastures, pastoral farms, their nomads, primary associations-hotons, etc. Along with nomadic animal husbandry, A. D. Simukov paid great attention to collecting information on the development of agriculture in various regions of the country, especially in Western Mongolia.

The speaker shared his impressions of A. D. Simukov's unpublished works, which he had read in the manuscript collection of the Institute of Geography and Permafrost Studies of the Academy of Sciences of the MNR in 1968, and also spoke about conversations with arats-pastoralists of the older generation, who after 30 - 35 years preserved the memory of a Russian scientist named "shar Damdinsuren" ("fair-haired fair-haired Damdinsuren"), who spoke Mongolian fluently like a real Mongol. According to the speaker, A. D. Simukov should rightly be considered one of the first Russian scientists who took a direct and active part in the creation and development of young Mongolian science for 12 years during the most difficult years for it.

Undoubtedly, in the person of A.D. Simukov, Russian Mongolian studies suffered a heavy loss - a young, promising, versatile, experienced researcher who was fluent in the oral and written Mongolian language, who accumulated a wealth of experience in organizing research expeditions in the difficult natural, climatic and social conditions of Mongolia in the 1920s-1930s with minimal financial and technical resources. a scientist who has fully fulfilled his international duty to provide effective assistance in the development of young Mongolian science and strengthen friendship between the peoples of Russia and Mongolia.

Russian science, Russian Mongolian studies, according to the speaker, should be grateful and grateful to the relatives and friends of A. D. Simukov, scientists and organizations of Russia, Mongolia, Japan and other countries, especially the National Museum of Ethnology of Japan, who contributed to the restoration of the good name of the Russian Mongol scholar A. D. Simukov, the collection and use of the Russian Museum of Ethnology.

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to publish his scientific works, introduce them into international scientific circulation, and thereby create favorable conditions for an objective, fair assessment of the real contribution of A. D. Simukov to domestic and world Mongolian studies.

The well-known German Mongol scholar W. Barkmann (Germany), currently working at the Mongolian State University, devoted his report "A. D. Simukov (1902-1942): economic and political conditions that made him a researcher" to the consideration of the life and scientific activities of the scientist against a broader background of political, trade and economic relations and scientific cooperation between the two countries. The USSR and the MNR in the 1920s-1930s, in particular in connection with the activities of a number of Soviet organizations and research expeditions in Mongolia. According to the speaker, a completely new qualitative aspect was that A.D. Simukov and other researchers were able to create such an intellectual potential, which was extremely necessary for the transformation of the socio-economic situation in the country. As for the integrated approach to the study of modern problems, including the optimal organization of pasture livestock production and the preservation of ecological balance, as U. Barkmann emphasized, there is still a lot to learn from A. D. Simukov.

B. B. Dashibalov (Russia, IMBiT SB RAS) in his report "Excavations of Noin-Uly mounds - A. D. Simukov's expedition school", using old and new photographic materials, spoke about the work of P. K. Kozlov's expedition in Mongolia in 1923-1926 and about A. D. Simukov's participation in the excavations of the famous Noin - Ulsky mounds under the name of A. A. Simukov. under the leadership of P. K. Kozlov and S. A. Kondratiev.

The report of the young Mongolian scientist and teacher I. Lhagvasuren (Mongolian University of Science and Technology) "A.D. Simukov as an ethnologist-Mongol scholar" was devoted to the analysis of the scientist's research in the field of traditional pasture animal husbandry, herd structure, territorial placement of livestock, pasture use, organization and typology of Arat nomads, traditional nomadic dwelling-yurts, food products, etc. A. D. Simukov was one of the first to systematically study khotons - a kind of voluntary economic associations of nomadic livestock breeders, created, as a rule, for grazing, hay harvesting and some other joint work. According to his observations, in the 1920s in the central part of Mongolia, Khotons prevailed, which included from 2 to 13 farms connected mainly by family ties. When combining well-to-do and poor farms, there were elements of hidden exploitation. One of the achievements of A. D. Simukov is that he was able to identify and describe six main forms of nomadism: Khangai, steppe, western, Uburkhangai, eastern and Gobi.

З. Batzhargal, former Minister of Nature and Environmental Protection of Mongolia, former Ambassador of Mongolia to Japan, currently working in New York at the International Meteorological Organization, in the report "Researcher not on duty, but on the call of the soul", spoke about the contribution of A. D. Simukova in the study of climate and organization of the meteorological service in Mongolia. The speaker noted that A.D. Simukov drew attention to the fact that in the western part of the MNR territory at that time there was a tendency to increase humidity, contrary to the general trend of increasing aridity of the Asian continent. In particular, he proposed to organize constant monitoring of the movement of glaciers and changes in the state of eternal snow. According to Z. Batzhargala, if this proposal of A.D. Simukov was implemented in a timely manner, the results of these observations could be very important at the present time, when the attention of the world community is drawn to the problem of global warming. The speaker sees the reasons for such a successful research work of A.D. Simukov in Mongolia, firstly, in the fact that he was a researcher not so much out of official necessity, but out of the call of his heart. Simukov had great respect for the local people, the Mongols, who sincerely love nature, have deep traditions of ecological culture, broad knowledge of nature and the environment, he fully trusted them and received support from them to the same extent; third, unlike many other foreign researchers, who, as a rule, sought to find natural resources in the environment. If the phenomena and processes occurring on the territory of Mongolia cannot be squeezed into the framework of ready-made scientific models and only fill in the "white spots", A.D. Simukov, based on the real state of the relationship between natural conditions and human life, apparently, was looking for new patterns and new models in relation to Mongolia.

The discussion was moderated by M. Rossabi (USA, Columbia University, New York), who for the first time in the history of world Mongol studies made an interesting attempt to compare the works of two Mongol scholars - the Russian A. D. Simukov and the well-known American Professor of Mongolian studies.-

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A. D. Simukov - in the MNR, and O. Lattimor-in the Inner Mongolia of the Republic of China along the border with the then MNR. According to M. Rossabi, their destinies had a lot in common. In the 1920s and 1930s, O. Lattimore and A. D. Simukov were the most knowledgeable experts on Mongolia. Both of them traveled extensively in different parts of Mongolia. Both were caught up in politics, and both suffered from it. Simukov died in the camp, and the U.S. government persecuted Lattimore until he was forced to leave for Leeds University in England. Both were not guilty. Lattimore was not a Soviet spy, and Simukov was not a traitor, but he paid with his life.

At that time, the works of O. Lattimore and A. D. Simukov on Mongolia were unique sources of information about this little-known part of the world. This, according to M. Rossabi, is where the coincidences end. Comparing the style, methodology and results of the research work of both scientists in Mongolia, the speaker came to the conclusion that the palm should be given to A. D. Simukov, whose research works were distinguished by higher purposefulness, concreteness, thoroughness and reliability. This, in particular, has recently been confirmed by the English anthropologist D. A. Kropotkin. Snis, after 60 years, conducted a study of nomadic livestock breeders in one of the districts that A.D. Simukov had previously surveyed.

M. Rossabi drew the attention of the symposium participants to the following points. First, both Simukov and Lattimore did not have completed higher education and specialized training in the areas of natural and social sciences that they had to deal with directly in the field. Secondly, A. D. Simukov did not limit himself to just one subject of research, his research, in modern terms, was essentially interdisciplinary in nature. O. Lattimore also had broad scientific interests and even served as a representative of US President F. D. Roosevelt under the government of Chiang Kai-shek. Third, Simukov, like Lattimore, preferred personal experience in collecting information over book knowledge. This is not to say that they underestimated the value of written sources, but their work style required them to observe and participate directly. The speaker also noted that when organizing and conducting his expeditions, A. D. Simukov did not have the same financial and technical resources as the American expedition of R. C. Andrews to Mongolia in the same years. Fourth, Simukov, like Lattimore, established and maintained excellent relations with Mongolian intellectuals of the time, ranging from academics to poets. He won their trust and respect with his serious attitude and dedication to the cause to which he devoted his life. M. Rossabi expressed his deep satisfaction that thanks to the efforts and perseverance of A. D. Simukov's relatives and the help of many scientists and friends, it was possible to publish the works of the scientist, and expressed the wish that they would be translated into English or German and thus become available to a wider audience.

Commenting on the presented reports and speeches, a well-known Japanese historian and Mongol scholar, K. A. Tanaka noted the high level of development of Mongolian studies in Japan, shared his memories of the great influence that the works of many Russian Orientalists and Mongolian scholars, including B. Ya. Vladimirtsov, G. N. Potanin, G. N. Rumyantsev and others, had on him, and how in 1990 he participated as a foreign student of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Dashinchilen, who participated in the first free elections in Somon, told how he first got acquainted with the map of the MNR compiled by A. D. Simukov, about the great importance of his works for Mongolian studies.

The participants of the symposium unanimously supported the proposals to transfer the set of electronic versions of A. D. Simukov's works to the Academy of Sciences of Mongolia as a sign of gratitude for preserving the scientist's works, as well as the proposal to post the same version on the Internet.

Undoubtedly, this international symposium dedicated to the memory of the outstanding Russian Mongol scholar A. D. Simukov and the presentation of the first volumes of the complete collection of his scientific works, published in Russian in Japan on the initiative of the National Museum of Ethnology, will become a significant milestone in the history of Russian, Mongolian, Japanese and the entire world of Mongol studies, a vivid example of

Along with expressing deep gratitude and appreciation to all those who carefully preserved, painstakingly collected and published the works of A. D. Simukov, I would like to express my wish that in the future the works of outstanding Russian scientists who were victims of political repression and undeservedly forgotten in their country will find timely recognition and worthy evaluation, first of all in Russia, whose interests they serve. they devoted their lives and scientific activities.

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