One of the main features of modern science is its increasingly collective nature. The founders of scientific communism were clearly aware of this trend in the development of scientific creativity and foresaw its further deepening and expansion. In their joint work "German Ideology", that authentic encyclopedia of early Marxism, they also addressed this issue. Arguing with the ideologue of petty-bourgeois individualism and anarchism, M. Stirner, who contrasted "the only work" that only a given individual can do with "human work" that every person can do, K. Marx and F. Schweitzer argued that "the only work" that only a given individual can do is "human work". Engels wrote: "In proclaiming the uniqueness of scientific and artistic work, Stirner is still far below the level of the bourgeoisie. It is already recognized that it is necessary to organize this "single" activity." And, after giving a number of examples of collective creativity in painting, fiction, astronomy, and historiography, they continued: "However, it is clear that all these organizations based on the modern division of labor still lead only to extremely limited results, representing a step forward only in comparison with the narrow isolation that existed until now."1 . Throughout their activities, Marx and Engels gave numerous and very diverse examples of remarkable scientific cooperation. Their joint work began with the beginning of their truly legendary friendship and continued for almost four decades, taking many different forms under different conditions, but ultimately subordinated to one main goal-the struggle for the liberation of the working class.
The beginning of their friendship and joint work dates back to the end of August-beginning of September 1844. Recalling this forty years later, Engels wrote:: "When I visited Marx in Paris in the summer of 1844, we found complete agreement in all theoretical fields, and from that time our joint work began." 2 "Full agreement in all theoretical area ...
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