L. D. BONEY Doctor of Economics Far East Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences Key words: Keywords: economic system, land system reform, family economy, peasant cooperation, agricultural enterprises, family farm, collective land ownership," division " of rights In recent years, China's agricultural sector has undergone major changes in the structure of production, reducing the labor force, and reducing the income of the peasantry. One of the consequences of such changes was, inter alia, the curtailment of commodity production in a number of regions. Under these conditions, the leadership of the People's Republic of China has developed and begun to implement a large-scale program of modernization of agriculture and a consistent transition to a new model of management in the agrosphere. Setting the task of creating a new type of economic system in which many new forms of economy should simultaneously develop (including family, collective, cooperative, enterprise-type economy), the decision of the 3rd plenum of the CPC Central Committee highlights the family economy, emphasizing the need to preserve the basic position of the family economy. FAMILY ECONOMY The concept of "family economy" (jiating jining) in the country's agriculture means the economy of a peasant family (yard), which is conducted by family members on the basis of the right of contract management on collective land. In 2012, there were more than 220 million such family contract farms in the village. yards. Family farming as the main form of farming in the current two-stage economic system was restored in the first years of economic reform (1978-1983) as a result of the liquidation of the people's commune system. Chinese scientists consider the return to family farming as the main achievement of the economic reform in the countryside, which made it possible to achieve decisive success in raising agricultural production in those years, in solving the problem of meeting the basic food needs of the co ... Read more