The paper presents a reconstruction of the dietary features of carriers of five main ancient cultures of Southern Siberia (Afanasyev, Okunevskaya, Andronovskaya, Karasuk and Tagar, XXV-I centuries BC, N ind = 214) using the analysis of dental pathologies. For the first time, the data obtained for this region are compared with the results of an earlier isotope analysis. The study showed that the most significant changes occurred in the diet of the Karasuk and Tagar populations; the inverse relationship between the incidence of caries and tartar in the analyzed population may be associated with a decrease in the amount of animal protein and an increase in the amount of grain in the diet of Karasuk and Tagar people; the frequency of metabolic stress, which led to hypoplasia of tooth enamel, gradually decreased from the Bronze Age early iron age, which may be explained by the beginning of millet cultivation in the region in the XIV century BC; in all populations, the state of the dentoalveolar system worsened with the age of individuals; in most cases, the frequency of various dental pathologies is higher in men, but this result does not correlate with the available isotopic data. Key words: dental pathologies, Bronze Age, Early Iron Age, Minusinsk basin, diet. Introduction Currently, the world science pays great attention to interdisciplinary research aimed at reconstructing the economy and nutrition of the ancient population of various regions. The main axiom of such studies is that the introduction of new industries inevitably leads to a change in the food stereotype. The analysis of dental pathologies is used to study one of the possible consequences of this - changes in the state of the dental system of the population. Interpretation of the results is largely determined by the completeness of complex data, including the archaeological context and data from auxiliary analyses (for example, analysis of stable nitrogen and carbon isotopes of bone collagen). Despite a ... Read more